We are publishing limited technical information about CVE at this time. We observed multiple distinctive elements that allowed us to make a high-confidence attribution to NSO Group:.
Selling technology to governments that will use the technology recklessly in violation of international human rights law ultimately facilitates discovery of the spyware by investigatory watchdog organizations, as we and others have shown on multiple prior occasions , and as was the case again here.
Email providers like Gmail have inbuilt malware scanner for file attachments. They implement the technology of VirusTotal so you can be assured. You can even scan the file before even downloading using online virus scanners. It even works for encrypted files. Lastly once you have file downloaded on computer, make sure you have real time anti-malware protection. It will be your second layer of defense to detect unknown malware and protect if something still goes wrong.
Keep Macros disabled. Of course, the same process is repeated with all other possible suspect streams or objects. In this example, a set of 4 files will be generated, with respectively streams 9, 12, 13 and 14 isolated.
The resulting files are scanned through the antivirus, and clearly things are becoming a little harder: the tests show that there are at least two different signatures, detecting both streams 12 and However, no signature in any other object or stream. The JavaScript code should be easier to modify than the TTF font, because the latest is a binary file format. After a few manual tests, an attempt of quick and easy bypass is made with an online JavasScript obfuscator.
The JS code from the PDF is copypasted on the website, and this one returns the following code, very different from the original one:. It remains to put this code inside the PDF thanks to peepdf 's command modify stream 13 modified. Afterwards, the antivirus is ran on the new file. To be sure, if the TTF stream is now replaced by a dummy string like "toto", no signature is triggered.
This means that the bypass of the JavaScript signature is successful. Nevertheless, the odds were pretty good of being able to modify enough the JS to render it undetectable, but clearly worse regarding the TTF font of the exploit which needs attention now. For the CVE detection bypass, it seemed convenient to come back to a good ol' dichotomy signature hunting. The small script below was written for this purpose, probably not bug-free and quite naive, but covering the needs.
It is used like this: ruby chunker. If no offsets are specified, the whole file is processed by default. Next, the script divides the zone to process according to the number of chunks asked, and overwrites them one by one with "AAAAA" strings, before writing the result in new files which names indicate the overwrite offsets.
To determine the relevant offsets for the first pass, peepdf has a practical offsets command, allowing to list the starting and ending offsets of the various PDF objects:. Remember, the stream holding the "malicious" TTF font is number 12, hence between bytes and As the processed PDF is uncompressed, it is possible to run the chunker. Daniel: I don't know if this hack will work in Windows 7, I have never tried it. Daniel: BackTrack is a set of hacking tools on Ubuntu. Roxie: You are right!
That is the problem. Move the file to Virtual Box and it should work. Thanks, OTW!! Daniel: That shouldn't happen with a Virtual Box install. Same question to you Roxie.. That's what I've done OTW. Daniel: You are misunderstanding what VB does. Downloading the KDE 64k but version instead now. Daniel: When it asks for the location of the machine want to create, simply give it the location of your downloaded BT5.
Keep going Daniel. Eventually, it will ask you for the location. Choose Linux x Do not use XP or Oracle! When done with this section it will ask you a location. Is this why VB is not asking for a location? Daniel: You don't need to burn disk. It eventually will ask what OS you want to install and where it is located. Might be easier if I just downloaded VMware Workstation and used that? Keep plugging away at VB.
It will work for you. Keeps coming back to root root: Tried Hard Drive Boot but screen went blank for quite a while. Daniel: Install with BT Text, then login as "root" with password "toor". Then type startx. It's not doing exactly what you say OTW. Hasn't asked me to login at all. Daniel: Don't do that. Install BackTrack and then when you reboot, it will ask you to login. Daniel, Sorry I did not respond sooner. Do you have a tutorial for getting Metasploit up and running within BT5?
Daniel: Were you able to open the msfconsole? When I type msfupdate though it shows: "must be updated through "GitHub" or a more recent msfupdate". Daniel: Let's not update right now. We can do that later. None of my tutorial require the update. Type: search type:exploit platform:windows adobe OTW. Where do I go now to find that file? Can it now be emailed? Yes, you can now email it. Have you looked there? I've tried to find that location but can't yet. Trying to find my way around BT5 still.
Daniel: Sounds like you are not that familiar with Linux. Daniel: Yes, there is. You need to improve your Linux skills, if you want to be proficient at BT and hacking. Exciting stuff. Daniel: If you have a web based email like gmail, hotmail, yahoo, etc. I need to move the pdf to the desktop I think. I'll go through your tutorials again. Hi OTW, I've recently stumbled onto your articles and they are extremely helpful and concise. It looks like you spelled the exploit wrong.
Try copying and paste. Luis; Welcome to Null Byte! Luis: All AV software is signature based. Luis: Now that the PDF is on the victim's machine, when they click on it to open it, it will open up a connection to your Metasploit.
To re-encode an exploit, check this tutorial OTW. Existing; Yes, you can embed multiple backdoors. They will be designated by different session numbers. Hi OTW I've been following your tutorials for a while and might is say sir, YOU are an excellent teacher, and most helpful and for that I thank you : But I have hit a bit of a wall with this particular exploit, I have followed this tutorial to the last detail and everything runs smoothly, the exploit says: 'Parsing Successful' and creates the pdf, I have sent it to my victim pc, opened the pdf file but yet no sessions appear on my Kali machine, I have enabled port forwarding, disabled my firewall and my whole AV, disabled the routers firewall, enabled incoming connections and tried just about every setting out there but still no session : I have tried this on both versions of BT5 and now on Kali but to no avail.
Please help Please help me as fast as you can with all thanks :. Eblade: The key to evading AV software is to change the signature of the exploit. Eblade: There is no simple answer to your question. Eblade: Have you read this tutorial? Chris: Welcome to Null Byte! I'll need more info to help you with that error message and maybe a screenshot. Chris: First, I only answer questions via email. I need to maintain my anonymity. What is your email?
Maybe I could send the pdf to you and you can try it? Daniel: Welcome to Null Byte! Where is your PDF? What was the solution to your first problem? Daniel: Go to Help then About. Muh Fau: Welcome to Null Byte! What would be the exploit you would recommend to use in hacking a Windows 7 in this case. Okay, thanks, will check that out. Rocky: Glad to see you have BT up and running! That is a typo. I just fixed it. It should have read chapter1. Sorry, I'm picky.
You will need to provide me more information, if you want me to diagnose the problem. I really hate to ask the obvious question, but did you create the file chapter1. That is NOT what I said. I said that you can use any name you want for the PDF. If you want Metasploit to know where your PDF is, you must use the absolute path to the file. And what is the absolute path to the file?
And how do i add it to metasploit? I suggest you read and do the exercises in my Linux series here on Null Byte. First, I don't know what problems you are having. Are you using Metasploit in Windows? If so, this hack won't work. Install BackTrack or other Linux distribution and run this hack in Metasploit and it will work. Please follow my directions. Did this work in windows? Shel: Welcome to Null Byte!
Hi, Occupyt heweb, can u show me how to fix this error,, thanks. Thank you for answering so fast. I'm glad to be at Null Byte. I can't get enough of your tutorials. My error, can u show me how to fix, thanks. What is your target? I want to Embed a Backdoor Connection in a pdf file. Pls, help me to fix it.
Trai: It looks like you are trying two different exploits. I'll ask again. LOL, thanks for your helps. TArget: window7 sp1, word, adobe acrobat 9. Trai: Ok. Vince, you could always try and find out. I just want to know if this hack works in Windows I keep getting error message "Sorry, I'm picky.
Ehilebo: Are you running Metasploit from Windows or targeting Windows? I am running Metasploit on window. I have used different PDF templates. Can you send me the PDF file used in this tutorial? Ehilebo: I strongly recommend against running Metasploit in Windows. Ehleboh: Install Kali on one of the VM's. Its a Debian distribution with Metasploit built in. I get an error when i enter the "use" command.
Error Message: bash: use: command not found. Ehilebo: Apparently, you are trying to enter the "use" command in the command shell and not the Metasploit console. Open the Metasploit console and then enter the "use" command.
And how can i do this? You are not in the metasploit environment. You need to type msfconsole. I'm assuming you are using Kali. I'm using Metasploitable Virtual machine, Had issues running Kali on my virtual machine. Metasploitable is a victim. It does not have metasploit on it. Install Kali ,if you want this to work. If you continue to want help, you must follow directions. I finally got this working.
Had to install Kali Linux. Lazare: Since I was doing this exploit on Ubuntu, it would be in exactly the same place. Problem is I can't find the location,, tried locate,find,cd but it won't locate it. Can someone please help. Linn: That. I've tried searching using ls -la and it showed this: drwxr-xr-x 7 root root Can you send me a screenshot so I can help? It depends upon the payload used, but in this case its automatic.
Thanks for the fast reply : What is kali linux, and how can i get it. Femi: I suggest you use it in a virtual machine in Windows. OTW stands for Occupytheweb. I got this-. Try re-installing it. Also, make sure that if you have the 64 bit version of Kali that your VM is set at 64 bit.
I did. Your download may be corrupted. Download it again. Check the MD5 when you are done. When i try to exploit at the end, i get this little nasty error, any ideas?
Never mind, found out it was the. Femi: Metasploit is built into Kali. Simply type "msfconsole". Sorry 4 the questions. Should i type it in the terminal or? Yes, in the terminal. Femi: You are in the bash shell. You need to be in the msfconsole. You need to type "msfconsole". I suggest you study my Linux tutorials on Null Byte before proceeding and provide screenshots.
Help pls. Type msfconsole and then hot Enter. It sound like you didn't install Kali correctly. Are you running in a VM or dual boot? The following modules could not be loaded!
Only worry about it if msfconsole doesn't work. Its nearly impossible to help you without screenshots. The same way you did it above. I don't want a video. Just post a few screenshots. Try running other commands at the msfconsole and see what happens.
Have you read any of my tutorials? Check out my metasploit tutorials. Excuse me can you specifically explain what should I do after someone open our file. Masoud: You don't do anything.
First, where is the pdf? Second, was the pdf created by version 9 or earlier? It was successful. It tells you exactly where it stored the file when it completes the command. Hvae you tried the Linux command locate? I mean in sending it to the victim. Yes, of course. How do i know if they opened the Link then? Suddenly the clouds will part and a great light will come from the sky!
It will open a connection to your machine. OK Can antivirus detect it. Thanks a lot. Its a file. You simply email it to them. It is effectively a virus. You need to either use a non-web based email or another transport method.
Another solution would be to change its signature. Is there any other transport it? Or how would you had transported it if it were to be you.
Thanks in adv. Femi: There is a limit as to how much help I can give any one user. Good Luck. Thanks for your help. I'll try studying it. How can i check if there are any available meterpreter session. Did open the pdf on the victim machine? You can check for open sessions by typing "sessions -l". Hi OTW, I really like your tutorials!!!!! It may be a stupid question but : If your IP changes dynamically will this backdoor find its way to you after you get a new IP? I finished the steps provided here and would like to continue processing this "chapter1.
Any more references? Thank you! Great job, Octavian! Thank you for your quick answer! Sorry if I annoy you with so many questions. You can use proxychains for stealth. Check out my tutorial on using proxychains. Tried 2 things : on xp but with adobe 11 cause I didn't have an older version win 7. Visto: Study Linux, networking and Metasploit and then you should be ready. Jeb: You don't say what the OS is, but check out my tutorials on hacking Windows 7. First, you need to install Kali.
Then, you can use most of the Windows 7 hacks on Windows 8. Then go for it! Check you commands. They are wrong.
All you need to type is "info". Edit: And yes I see now, thank you for informing me!! I see why it doesn't exploit it, but I don't understand.
I hate to ask the obvious question, but do you have a pdf file named chapter1. Then, use the absolute path to the pdf file.
Show us some screenshots. His IP is: Matt: This will work on any IP. Sir OTW, Thanks a lot for the information. But, how can i get his IP? Matt: Did you read this tutorial? In this hack, you don't need his IP. You send the pdf via email or other route. To re-encode an exploit, check this tutorial OTW 12 months ago - edited 12 months ago".
Where is your file and what is is called? Hackerz: Now that you have created your innocent looking PDF, you need to send it to the target and put it on your website for downloading. Hey OTW unseemingly i closed my msframework so what to do now? Start over again.
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