Earlier that year, England saw a peak of 1, cases in just one week, and by the end of the year, 15, cases had been reported. In , the rate of infection rose to more than 30 cases per , and in rose again to more than 33 cases per , The 19, cases of scarlet fever reported in England last year marks the highest number of cases to be reported there since However, following whole-genome sequencing of clinical isolates, they found no novel lineage or genetic feature to explain the recent epidemic.
In other words, the reason for the recent outbreaks is still a mystery. In the meantime, PHE has recently updated their guidelines for managing outbreaks in schools and nurseries , due to the fact that of the 1, outbreaks of scarlet fever that occurred in England in and , the majority impacted young children— were in schools and were in nurseries.
They can include:. Acute rheumatic fever is a nonsuppurative sequelae of group A strep pharyngitis. Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis is a nonsuppurative sequelae of group A strep pharyngitis or skin infections. These complications occur after the original infection resolves and involve sites distant to the initial group A strep infection site. They are thought to be the result of the immune response and not of direct group A strep infection.
Good hand hygiene and respiratory etiquette can reduce the spread of all types of group A strep infection. Hand hygiene is especially important after coughing and sneezing and before preparing foods or eating. Good respiratory etiquette involves covering your cough or sneeze.
Treating an infected person with an antibiotic for at least 12 hours reduces their ability to transmit the bacteria. Per the American Academy of Pediatrics Red Book , people with scarlet fever should stay home from work, school, or daycare until:. Humans are the only reservoir for group A strep. In the United States, scarlet fever is most common during the winter.
CDC does not track the incidence of scarlet fever or other non-invasive group A strep infections. For information on the incidence of invasive group A strep infections, please visit the ABCs Surveillance Reports website.
Top of Page. Skip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to A-Z link. Section Navigation. Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Syndicate. Scarlet Fever. Minus Related Pages. On This Page. Related Links. Links with this icon indicate that you are leaving the CDC website. It is usually a mild illness, but people with scarlet fever need antibiotics to prevent rare but serious health problems. Antibiotics also help someone with scarlet fever feel better sooner and protect others from getting sick.
Illness usually begins with a fever and sore throat. There also may be chills, vomiting, or abdominal pain. The tongue may have a whitish coating, appear swollen, or look red and bumpy. Small, flat red blotches usually appear first on the neck, underarm, or groin before spreading over the body. Later, the rash starts to feel like sandpaper. Long-term health problems are rare. They can include rheumatic fever, kidney disease, and arthritis.
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